Être ou ne pas être autiste pour jouer le rôle d'une personne autiste

Ajouté le 03/11/2024

Type de contenu

Article de revue du type Recherche scientifique ( ; anglais)

Michelle Dean , Anders Nordahl-Hansen
The to be, or not to be, of acting autistic publié dans la revue "Autism" Preprint, 13 pages , doi: 10.1177/13623613241290270

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Résumé/Présentation

On observe un nombre croissant de personnages autistes dans le cinéma et la télévision, ainsi qu’un nombre croissant de personnes autistes qui entrent sur le marché du travail. À l’intersection des médias et de l’emploi, seule une petite proportion de personnages autistes est interprétée par des acteurs eux-mêmes autistes. Cette étude examine les expériences d’acteurs professionnels autistes ayant joué des personnages autistes dans des films et des émissions de télévision. Les objectifs secondaires analysent les impressions des acteurs autistes quant aux représentations de l’autisme. Utilisant une analyse thématique basée sur des cadres de recherche transformationnels et postpositivistes, neuf acteurs autistes ont participé à des entretiens où ils ont discuté de leurs expériences en tant qu’acteurs professionnels, ainsi que de leurs réactions face aux représentations de l’autisme. L’analyse qualitative des transcriptions des entretiens a révélé trois thèmes principaux : (1) avantages et inconvénients de divulguer son autisme, (2) réseaux professionnels, et (3) fenêtres et miroirs. Les acteurs ont décrit leurs tentatives de trouver un équilibre entre le désir de se distancier de leur diagnostic et le besoin de construire leur CV, profitant des opportunités spécifiquement disponibles pour les acteurs autistes. Les acteurs ont bénéficié de réseaux de soutien professionnels bien informés sur l’autisme et qui plaidaient en faveur de leur inclusion et de leur emploi. Ils appréciaient de voir des personnages autistes à l’écran, mais exprimaient aussi des préoccupations quant aux castings non authentiques et à la surreprésentation de portraits stéréotypés et trompeurs. Les recommandations des acteurs pour les futures caractérisations de personnages autistes sont décrites.

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(1) Les références en bleu sont des ressources référencées sur notre site.

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(3) Les auteur·rices dont le nom est suivi d'une astérisque ont publiquement divulgué être autistes.

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