'Une différence dans les valeurs typiques' : perspectives autistiques sur la communication sociale autistique

Ajouté le 13/08/2024

Type de contenu

Article de revue du type Recherche scientifique ( ; anglais)

Holly Sutherland*, Sue Fletcher-Watson, Joseph Long, Catherine Crompton , 'A difference in typical values': autistic perspectives on autistic social communication publié dans la revue "PsyArxiv", Preprint, 28 pages , doi:10.31219/osf.io/2us8a

*Un·e co-auteur·rice est autiste. [En savoir plus sur cette mention]

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Les personnes autistes socialisent et communiquent différemment des personnes non autistes. Cependant, les descriptions définitives de ce à quoi ce style de communication sociale pourrait ressembler, du point de vue des personnes autistes, ont jusqu'à présent été limitées. Cette recherche qualitative a exploré les récits des personnes autistes concernant leur propre comportement de communication sociale et leurs expériences d'interactions en face-à-face, afin de mieux comprendre le style de communication sociale autistique. Neuf adultes autistes (4 femmes, 1 personne non-binaire, 4 hommes ; âgés de 23 à 70 ans) ont participé à un groupe de discussion en ligne, de type forum, sur une période de deux semaines. Ils ont participé à des discussions sur la manière dont ils signalaient leur (dés)intérêt et leur (in)confort lors des conversations ; quels étaient leurs comportements de communication sociale naturels ; ce que c'était de parler avec des personnes autistes, comparé à des personnes non autistes ; et tout ce qu'ils pensaient que les chercheurs devraient savoir. À partir de cela, cinq thèmes ont été développés : les expériences autistiques de soi, d'attention et d'environnement ; les attentes autistiques concernant le fonctionnement des interactions sociales ; les conflits entre les attentes autistiques et les normes neurotypiques ; l'effort constant de compensation et de camouflage ; et la recherche et la création de compréhensions partagées entre neurotypes. Nos résultats mettent en lumière l'interaction complexe entre les différences/difficultés autistiques et l'environnement social des personnes autistes, et soulignent le rôle que jouent les environnements normatifs neurotypiques dans la construction de l'autisme en tant que handicap de communication sociale.

Autistic people socialise and communicate differently to non-autistic people. However, definitive accounts of what this social communicative style might look like, from an autistic perspective, have so far been limited. This qualitative research explored autistic people’s accounts of their own social communication behaviour and experiences of face-to-face interactions, to better understand the autistic social communicative style. Nine autistic adults (4 women, 1 nonbinary, 4 men; aged 23-70) took part in an online, forum-style focus group over the course of two weeks, participating in discussions about how they signalled (dis)interest and (un)enjoyment during conversations; what their natural social communication behaviours were; what talking to autistic people was like, compared to non-autistic people; and anything else they thought researchers should know. From this, five themes were developed: autistic experiences of self, attention, and environment; autistic expectations about how social interactions should work; conflicts between autistic and neurotypical-normative expectations; the constant effort of compensation and masking; and finding and creating shared understandings across neurotypes. Our findings highlight the complex interplay of autistic differences/difficulties with autistic people’s social environment, and emphasise the role that neurotypical-normative environments play in constructing autism as a social communication disability.

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(1) les références en bleu sont des ressources référencées sur notre site;

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