Résultats des interactions sociales en situation réelle pour les adultes autistes jumelés avec des partenaires autistes comparés à des partenaires au développement typique

Ajouté le 09/09/2024

Type de contenu

Article de revue du type Recherche scientifique ( ; anglais)

Kerrianne Morrison, Kilee DeBrabander, Desiree Jones, Daniel Faso, Robert Ackerman, Noah Sasson , Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing partners publié dans la revue "Autism", n°24, vol.5, 14 pages , doi:10.1177/1362361319892701

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Les différences dans les styles de communication et d'interaction sociale entre les personnes autistes et celles au développement typique ont été étudiées de manière isolée et non dans le contexte d'interactions sociales en situation réelle. La présente étude aborde ce « point aveugle » en examinant si la qualité des interactions sociales en situation réelle pour les adultes autistes diffère lorsqu'ils interagissent avec des partenaires au développement typique par rapport à des partenaires autistes. Les participants (67 avec un trouble du spectre de l'autisme, 58 au développement typique) ont été assignés à l'un des trois types de partenariats dyadiques (autisme-autisme : n = 22 ; développement typique-développement typique : n = 23 ; autisme-développement typique : n = 25 ; 55 dyades complètes, 15 dyades partielles) au cours desquels ils ont participé à une conversation non structurée de 5 minutes avec une personne inconnue, puis ont évalué la qualité de l'interaction et leurs impressions sur leur partenaire.
Bien que les adultes autistes aient été jugés plus maladroits, moins attirants et moins chaleureux sur le plan social que les adultes au développement typique par les deux types de partenaires, seuls les adultes au développement typique ont exprimé un plus grand intérêt pour des interactions futures avec des partenaires au développement typique par rapport à des partenaires autistes. En revanche, les participants autistes ont montré une tendance à préférer interagir avec d'autres adultes autistes et ont rapporté se dévoiler davantage avec des partenaires autistes comparé aux partenaires au développement typique. Ces résultats suggèrent que l'affiliation sociale pourrait être renforcée pour les adultes autistes lorsqu'ils sont en partenariat avec d'autres personnes autistes, et soutiennent la reformulation des difficultés d'interaction sociale dans l'autisme comme un problème relationnel plutôt qu'individuel.

Differences in social communication and interaction styles between autistic and typically developing have been studied in isolation and not in the context of real-world social interaction. The current study addresses this “blind spot” by examining whether real-world social interaction quality for autistic adults differs when interacting with typically developing relative to autistic partners. Participants (67 autism spectrum disorder, 58 typically developing) were assigned to one of three dyadic partnerships (autism–autism: n = 22; typically developing–typically developing: n = 23; autism–typically developing: n = 25; 55 complete dyads, 15 partial dyads) in which they completed a 5-min unstructured conversation with an unfamiliar person and then assessed the quality of the interaction and their impressions of their partner. Although autistic adults were rated as more awkward, less attractive, and less socially warm than typically developing adults by both typically developing and autistic partners, only typically developing adults expressed greater interest in future interactions with typically developing relative to autistic partners. In contrast, autistic participants trended toward an interaction preference for other autistic adults and reported disclosing more about themselves to autistic compared to typically developing partners. These results suggest that social affiliation may increase for autistic adults when partnered with other autistic people, and support reframing social interaction difficulties in autism as a relational rather than an individual impairment.

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