L'identité autistique : Une revue systématique de la recherche quantitative

Ajouté le 29/08/2024

Type de contenu

Article de revue du type Revue de la littérature ( ; anglais)

Jade Davies, Kate Cooper, Estelle Killick, Evelyn Sam, Molly Healy, Grace Thompson*, Will Mandy, Benjamin Redmayne, Laura Crane , Autistic identity: A systematic review of quantitative research publié dans la revue "Autism research", n°5, vol.17, 24 pages , doi:10.1002/aur.3105

*Un·e co-auteur·rice est autiste. [En savoir plus sur cette mention]

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L'autisme peut être considéré à la fois comme une identité personnelle et sociale. Identifier les facteurs contribuant au développement d'une identité autistique positive est crucial compte tenu des implications potentielles pour la santé mentale et le bien-être. Dans cette revue systématique, nous avons cherché à synthétiser la littérature quantitative sur l'identité autistique afin d'identifier les facteurs (individuels et environnementaux) associés à l'identité autistique et de déterminer la relation entre l'identité autistique et la santé mentale ainsi que le bien-être. Au total, 3 617 études ont été examinées et 20 ont satisfait à nos critères d'inclusion. Les résultats ont indiqué que les personnes développaient une identité autistique plus positive lorsqu'elles recevaient une acceptation externe de l'autisme et un soutien externe. L'association entre les facteurs individuels et l'identité autistique s'est avérée en grande partie non significative ou non concluante, soulignant la nécessité d'un soutien large répondant aux besoins d'une variété de personnes autistes, plutôt qu'à des sous-groupes spécifiques. Il est important de noter qu'une identité autistique positive était associée à une amélioration de la santé mentale et du bien-être. Le soutien par les pairs et/ou les ressources de soutien autogéré pourraient être des mécanismes précieux pour aider les personnes autistes à cultiver une identité autistique positive. L'évaluation de ce type de soutien, y compris les impacts à long terme sur le développement de l'identité, sera un axe de recherche crucial à l'avenir.

Autism can be considered both a personal and social identity. Identifying the factors contributing to positive Autistic identity development is crucial given the potential implications for mental health and wellbeing. In this systematic review, we aimed to synthesize quantitative literature on Autistic identity to identify the (individual and environmental) factors associated with Autistic identity, and to ascertain the relationship between Autistic identity and mental health and wellbeing. A total of 3,617 studies were screened and 20 met our inclusion criteria. Results indicated that people developed a more positive Autistic identity when receiving external autism acceptance and external support. The association between individual factors and Autistic identity were largely nonsignificant or inconclusive, highlighting the need for broad support that meets the needs of a range of Autistic people, rather than specific subgroups. Importantly, positive Autistic identity was associated with improved mental health and wellbeing. Peer support and/or self‐directed support resources may be valuable mechanisms for supporting Autistic people to cultivate a positive Autistic identity. The evaluation of such support, including the long‐term impacts on identity development, will be a critical avenue for future research.

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(3) les auteur·rices dont le nom est suivi d'une astérisque ont publiquement divulgué être autistes. [En savoir plus sur cette mention]

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